What is the process called where metal is heated and shaped by plastic deformation under compressive force?

What is the process called where metal is heated and shaped by plastic deformation under compressive force?

• A. Forging
• B. Casting
• C. Bending
• D. Threading

Answer: (A)

Shaping metal by plastic deformation under compressive force after heating is forging. Heating puts the metal into a plastic, ductile state so it can flow without cracking, and then compression—by hammering, upsetting, or pressing—forces it to take a new shape. This combination of heat-assisted plastic flow and compressive deformation yields a forged piece with a strong, grain-flow structure aligned with its final form. Casting isn’t about deforming a solid metal piece under pressure; it involves pouring molten metal into a mold to solidify. Bending changes shape by bending, often without the kind of plastic flow produced by high compressive forces on a heated blank. Threading creates threads, either by cutting or forming, and isn’t the general shaping of a part by plastic deformation under compression.

Shaping metal by plastic deformation under compressive force after heating is forging. Heating puts the metal into a plastic, ductile state so it can flow without cracking, and then compression—by hammering, upsetting, or pressing—forces it to take a new shape. This combination of heat-assisted plastic flow and compressive deformation yields a forged piece with a strong, grain-flow structure aligned with its final form.

Casting isn’t about deforming a solid metal piece under pressure; it involves pouring molten metal into a mold to solidify. Bending changes shape by bending, often without the kind of plastic flow produced by high compressive forces on a heated blank. Threading creates threads, either by cutting or forming, and isn’t the general shaping of a part by plastic deformation under compression.